Are Bonds Safe?

I like bonds, but I’m struggling with their long-term performance. Bonds are inversely related to the direction of interest rates; when rates rise, prices fall like a see-saw in a park, and since the Federal Reserve started raising interest rates in 2022, the one-month US Treasury Bill rate has soared by more than 2,600%. As a result, the prices of bonds have fallen since 2022, wiping out decades of gains.

The one-month US Treasury Bill is considered the safest investment in the world and has never lost money if held to maturity, and since 1926, it has produced an average annual return of 3.25%. A $1 investment is now worth $22.63. If you want a safe investment, look no further than the T-Bill. However, inflation averaged 2.95% during the same period, so your net gain was 0.30% before taxes.

Over the past decade, stocks have been on a wild ride, dealing with four significant corrections, including the COVID crash in 2020 and last year’s down draft, where the S&P 500 fell by more than 18%. Despite the headwinds of COVID, war, inflation, rising interest rates, and multiple corrections, the index soared 171%, averaging 10.50% per year and outperforming bonds by 182%.

The outperformance of stocks this past decade is not an anomaly. As I mentioned, a $1 investment in T-Bills in 1926 grew to $22. Investing that same dollar in the S&P 500 would be worth $13,474, or 612 times more than the safe investment. Stocks appear risky, but I believe they are safer than bonds over time.

Our clients with significant stock exposure have outperformed our conservative clients by a wide margin and recovered losses quickly. It has not been easy for our stock-oriented clients to remain invested, especially after last year’s market performance, but they have stayed the course and are reaping the benefits of a rising stock market.

To maintain your lifestyle and protect your wealth, you must own stocks. There is no alternative.

What would life be if we had no courage to attempt anything? ~ Vincent Van Gogh

August 29, 2023

Bill Parrott, CFP®, is the President and CEO of Parrott Wealth Management in Austin, Texas. Parrott Wealth Management is a fee-only, fiduciary, registered investment advisor firm. Our goal is to remove complexity, confusion, and worry from the investment and financial planning process so our clients can pursue a life of purpose. Our firm does not have an asset or fee minimum, and we work with anybody who needs financial help regardless of age, income, or asset level.

Note: Investments are not guaranteed and do involve risk. Your returns may differ from those posted in this blog. PWM is not a tax advisor, nor do we give tax advice. Please consult your tax advisor for items that are specific to your situation. Options involve risk and aren’t suitable for every investor. Prices and yields are for today only and are subject to change without notice.

One Bad Mistake

Bill Buckner committed one of the worst errors in baseball history. During game six of the 1986 World Series, the Boston Red Sox led the New York Mets three games to two. In extra innings, a ground ball went through his legs, allowing the winning run to score. The Mets would go on to win the game and the World Series. People don’t remember that Mr. Buckner had 2,715 career hits, was the National League batting champion in 1980, and played for twenty-one seasons. He was a good player, but people only remember his one bad mistake.

The stock market has risen 75% of the time, averaging 10% annually since 1926. Yet, investors primarily focus on corrections like the Great Financial Crisis (GFC)  from 2007 to 2009 or the Tech Wreck from 2000 to 2003. When I started my career, investors worried about another October 19, 1987, when the Dow Jones fell 22%. Few people want to talk about the strength of the market, like the period from 2009 to 2017, where the S&P 500 averaged 15.3% per year, or 1990 to 1999, which returned 20.9% annually – another winning streak occurred from 1982 to 1989, where it gained 18.9% yearly. People remember corrections and crashes but ignore the market’s long-term trend.

Investors can create generational wealth if they own stocks, invest regularly, and avoid big mistakes. What’s a big mistake? It occurs when investors panic during corrections and scary times like 1987, 2000, 2008, 2018, 2020, or 2022. The October 19, 1987 crash was the worst since the Great Depression, yet the Dow Jones finished the year in positive territory. After the Tech Wreck, the S&P 500 climbed 66% from 2003 to 2007. It soared 141% after the Great Financial Crisis (GFC). The stock market crashed 31% in thirty days during the initial days of COVID, but from March 2020 to December 2021, it jumped 113%. If you stayed in the game, your assets recovered quickly.

After the GFC, I talked with investors who said they sold their investments in 2007, before the correction. I congratulated them on their market timing skills and asked, “When did you get back in the market?” Several years later, most did not because they feared stocks would fall further or crash again. Though they allegedly timed the market correctly, they failed to return to the market to ride the rebound.

Since 1972, the S&P 500 has risen 78% of the time. The index finished in negative territory eleven times, falling on average 14.4%, while the average gain during the positive forty years has been 19%. Rebounds and recoveries last a long time, and the index has averaged 10.27% annually for the past fifty-one years.

How can you avoid big mistakes? Here are a few recommendations.

  • Diversify. Diversify your assets across size, sector, and country. Own a basket of small, medium, and large companies across the globe in different industries.
  • Plan. A well-constructed financial plan can keep you informed and invested during the dark days, allowing you to benefit from the long-term trend of stocks after they recover.
  • Patience. Buy stocks if your time horizon is three to five years or more. If you need money in the short term, buy US T-Bills. Time in the market is your friend.

I played Senior Babe Ruth baseball in high school, and in one game, I was playing left field. It was the last inning, and we were winning when I missed a fly ball. The runner on second base started running, and I took my eye off the ball; it rolled to the fence, and we lost the game. We would have won the game if I caught it. I occasionally think about that game and ignore the ones where I played well. It’s human nature.

Play ball.

If one picture is worth a thousand words, you have seen about a million words, but more than that, you have seen an absolutely bizarre finish to Game 6 of the 1986 World Series. The Mets are not only alive, they are well; and they will play the Red Sox in  Game 7 tomorrow!” ~ Vin Scully

August 17, 2023

Bill Parrott, CFP®, is the President and CEO of Parrott Wealth Management in Austin, Texas. Parrott Wealth Management is a fee-only, fiduciary, registered investment advisor firm. Our goal is to remove complexity, confusion, and worry from the investment and financial planning process so our clients can pursue a life of purpose. Our firm does not have an asset or fee minimum, and we work with anybody who needs financial help regardless of age, income, or asset level.

Note: Investments are not guaranteed and do involve risk. Your returns may differ from those posted in this blog. PWM is not a tax advisor, nor do we give tax advice. Please consult your tax advisor for items that are specific to your situation. Options involve risk and aren’t suitable for every investor. Prices and yields are for today only and are subject to change without notice.

College Tuition

College tuition keeps rising, with inflation rates averaging about 6% to 8% yearly. The average annual cost for a public university is $27,940, and for a private school, it is $57,750. It’s not cheap!

What are your options for paying tuition or reducing your college costs? Let’s review a few ideas.

Save and invest. The best way to pay for college is to save for it once your child is born. If you have a child today, you know in about 18 years, they may attend college. When my daughter was born, I opened an investment account and started saving anything I could – $5, $25, $50 – and bought as much stock as possible. I created a spreadsheet with several colleges and calculated her future tuition payments. It was a simple calculation because I knew the inputs – years, inflation rate, and tuition costs. If your child is five and will attend a private university, then we can calculate the potential cost and monthly savings. For example, in thirteen years, a degree could cost $425,000, requiring a monthly investment of $1,450.      

Scholarships. Can you rely on scholarships? According to the National Center for Education Statistics, approximately 30% of students receive a scholarship or grant, and about 1.5% of high school students get a full ride.

Student Loans. In 2014, students borrowed $100 billion to finance college.[1] Student loan debt currently tops $1.5 trillion; the average federal student debt level is $37,338 per borrower[2]. The cost of borrowing will only go higher as interest rates continue to rise.

Junior College. Spending two years at a junior college before transferring to a 4-year university can pay dividends. The annual tuition rate at Austin Community College is about $6,600, while SMU charges approximately $80,000.

I recommend budgeting and saving for college. A budget can help you identify opportunities for saving money and investing wisely. The more you invest today, the less you need to borrow tomorrow.  

During my college years and touring schools with my daughter, I noticed the smaller schools with better landscaping had higher tuition rates, so pay attention to manicured lawns and beautifully trimmed hedges.

I learned law so well the day I graduated, I sued the college, won the case, and got my tuition back. ~ Fred Allen

August 16, 2023

Bill Parrott, CFP®, is the President and CEO of Parrott Wealth Management in Austin, Texas. Parrott Wealth Management is a fee-only, fiduciary, registered investment advisor firm. Our goal is to remove complexity, confusion, and worry from the investment and financial planning process so our clients can pursue a life of purpose. Our firm does not have an asset or fee minimum, and we work with anybody who needs financial help regardless of age, income, or asset level.

Note: Investments are not guaranteed and do involve risk. Your returns may differ from those posted in this blog. PWM is not a tax advisor, nor do we give tax advice. Please consult your tax advisor for items that are specific to your situation. Options involve risk and aren’t suitable for every investor. Prices and yields are for today only and are subject to change without notice.


[1] http://www.edcentral.org/edcyclopedia/federal-student-loan-default-rates/

[2] https://educationdata.org/average-student-loan-debt#:~:text=The%20average%20federal%20student%20loan,them%20have%20federal%20loan%20debt., Melanie Hanson, May 22, 2023

Is 300 A Perfect Credit Score?

FICO scores range from 850 to 300 – exceptional to poor. Of course, if you tried to get a bank loan with a credit score of 300, you’d be laughed out of the lobby. So why is 300 a perfect credit score? Let’s look at some data to answer this question.

The key inputs to your credit score include payment history, debt levels, and debt type.

  • 35% = Payment History
  • 30% = Debt Level and ratios
  • 15% = Length of your credit history
  • 10% = New debt
  • 10% = Debt type

Do you notice a theme? The key word is debt, and it drives your credit score. It has nothing to do with your income, savings rate, asset level, or net worth.

Consumer debt is staggering and growing. Banks, credit card companies, and other lenders have little incentive for you to reduce your debt level because the more you owe, the more they earn. Credit card companies typically charge 16% to 17% interest rates, and with rates at 16%, why would lenders want you to stop borrowing money?

The current US public debt level is $31.46 trillion, which jumped significantly after COVID.

Debt is a four-letter word that will hold you back from reaching your dreams. The Bible taught us this centuries ago: The borrower is the slave to the lender. ~ Proverbs 22:7.

Why not use your resources to eliminate debt rather than increase your credit score by borrowing money? Reducing or eliminating your debt is financially freeing. A monthly payment for a $30,000 auto loan with a rate of 7% is $594. If you invested this same amount at 7%, your balance could be worth $42,526 after five years.

Here are a few suggestions to help you reduce your debt:

  • Debit Card. Use your debit card instead of a credit card. Your payment will be deducted directly from your checking account. If your checking account balance is $500, your spending limit is $500.
  • Used Car. Buy a used car with cash because it depreciates when you drive your vehicle off the dealer’s lot.
  • Community College. Attend a community college for two years and then transfer to a state school. The annual tuition to attend SMU is $80,530, so two years of study will cost you, before room and board, $161,060.[1]  Attending Austin Community College costs $6,612 – a difference of 92%!
  • Home Purchase. Buying a home with 100% cash is challenging. If you purchase a home with debt, limit your mortgage payment to 28% of your income. For example, if your monthly income is $10,000, your payment should be $2,800 or less.

Your credit score will disappear once you stop using credit cards and other debt tools. It will take about six months for this process to occur. No debt. No FICO.

If you can’t afford it, don’t buy it. However, most don’t adhere to this philosophy. If we want it, we buy it – regardless of the cost. Before you decide to buy, calculate the cost. If you have the money, then buy it. If you fall short, save until you have the resources to do so.

Good luck and happy saving!

When buying a used car, punch the buttons on the radio. If all the stations are rock and roll, there’s a good chance the transmission is shot. ~ Larry Lujack

August 15, 2023

Bill Parrott, CFP®, is the President and CEO of Parrott Wealth Management in Austin, Texas. Parrott Wealth Management is a fee-only, fiduciary, registered investment advisor firm. Our goal is to remove complexity, confusion, and worry from the investment and financial planning process so our clients can pursue a life of purpose. Our firm does not have an asset or fee minimum, and we work with anybody who needs financial help regardless of age, income, or asset level.

Note: Investments are not guaranteed and do involve risk. Your returns may differ from those posted in this blog. PWM is not a tax advisor, nor do we give tax advice. Please consult your tax advisor for items that are specific to your situation. Options involve risk and aren’t suitable for every investor. Prices and yields are for today only and are subject to change without notice.


[1] Money Guide Pro

How do you compare?

Comparison is a killer. Occasionally, someone will ask me how they financially compare to others in their field or demographic. They want to know if they’re wealthier than their peers, and it’s usually an attorney. At our firm, we say there are no good plans or bad plans, just your plan. Theodore Roosevelt said, “Comparison is the thief of joy.” You’ll never be happy if you regularly compare yourself to friends, family, or neighbors.

Trying to keep up with the Joneses is the fastest way to the poor house. In my neighborhood, there has been a recent outbreak of Range Rovers. They’re everywhere, and it’s the car to own, and prices can range from $100,000 to more than $300,000. A few years ago, it was Tesla, and before that, BMW. Buying a luxury car every few years can drain your bank account quickly.

Financial magazines write articles about how much money you should have by a certain age. For example, Ally suggests you should have three times your household income by age 40.[1] If you earn $100,000, your retirement assets should be $300,000, but what if you only have $200,000? What do you do? What if your account balance is $400,000? Can you retire? Rules of thumb or suggested amounts are meaningless because they do not apply to your situation.

Another trap is to follow financial influencers because they present their best image. In most cases, they probably don’t own the home, car, boat, or plane where they’re filming because they are trying to sell a lifestyle or product. You are funding their lifestyle and making them rich.

Comparison can force you to make poor investment decisions, increase debt, or spend wildly. Did you buy pet rocks, lava lamps, beanie babies, or NFTs? It was short term gain, long term pain. Spending money on fads or trends can distract you from investing wisely.

A college acquaintance sold a business for several million dollars, which greatly bothered one of my friends, who was obsessed with money. My friend’s obsession with our classmate’s windfall was stealing his joy.

Don’t let comparison ruin your golden years. I read a story about two retirees discussing investments when one asked the other, “Did your investments outperform the market during your working years?” The other retiree replied, “I don’t know, nor do I care because I’m retired, living at the beach.”

Rather than worrying about your neighbor’s wealth, focus on your own. Here are a few tips to help you avoid comparison.

  • Budget. Your budget can help create a successful saving and spending plan based on your numbers.
  • Plan. A financial plan can guide you toward your most important goals, like paying for college or retirement.
  • Invest. Investing today can help you tomorrow. Invest in 401(k) plans, IRAs, and brokerage accounts.
  • Save. Contribute regularly to money market funds or savings accounts. An emergency fund can prevent some financial disasters.
  • Give. Charitable giving and helping others is a common cure for comparison.

Comparison reminds me of the classic scene from Caddyshack between Judge Smails and Ty Webb.

Judge Smails:
Ty, what did you shoot today?

Ty Webb:
Oh, Judge, I don’t keep score.

Judge Smails:
Then how do you measure yourself with other golfers?

Ty Webb:
By height.

August 12, 2023

Bill Parrott, CFP®, is the President and CEO of Parrott Wealth Management in Austin, Texas. Parrott Wealth Management is a fee-only, fiduciary, registered investment advisor firm. Our goal is to remove complexity, confusion, and worry from the investment and financial planning process so our clients can pursue a life of purpose. Our firm does not have an asset or fee minimum, and we work with anybody who needs financial help regardless of age, income, or asset level.

Note: Investments are not guaranteed and do involve risk. Your returns may differ from those posted in this blog; past performance does not guarantee future performance. PWM is not a tax advisor, nor do we give tax advice. Please consult your tax advisor for items that are specific to your situation. Options involve risk and aren’t suitable for every investor. Prices and yields are for today only and are subject to change without notice.


[1] https://www.ally.com/stories/retirement/savings-by-age-40/

Retirement Woes

Google News posted articles from CNN, Yahoo! Finance, The Motley Fool, and The Daily Wire about retirement woes.

CNN reported that individuals continue withdrawing from their 401(k) plans, and according to Yahoo! Finance, 41% of US employees cashed out a portion of their accounts, and 85% took out everything.[1]

The Motley Fool stated that 78% of Americans struggle to save for retirement. The Daily Wire said that 29% of workers under 55 don’t think they can ever retire.[2]

Why the angst? Factors include the pandemic, last year’s stock market correction, and inflation. What can you do to eliminate your retirement concerns? The two obvious choices are spending less and saving more because those are the items you can control. However, most people don’t like those choices, so let’s explore a few more options.

  • Move. If you live in Los Angeles, San Francisco, New York, or any big city, consider moving to a different part of the country with a lower cost of living. Technology allows you to work from anywhere, and most towns have similar services and opportunities for retirees. U.S. News and World Report states that Tulsa, Pittsburgh, and Little Rock offer affordable living.
  • Gig. The gig economy is ideal for retirees through on-demand or part-time work. The IRS gives a few examples, like ridesharing, delivery services, and property rentals. In addition, you can sell crafts or goods online. Also, if the IRS suggests it, they will tax it.
  • Create. Can you create video courses or podcasts? Do you have a specialty or niche? If so, start creating and posting. You can become an influencer in no time!
  • Consult. Turning your career into a new revenue stream through consulting is possible. Several clients have returned to their industry as consultants, typically at higher pay rates.
  • Tutor. Parents are paying top dollar for tutors. Consider tutoring a few of your favorite students if you’re a teacher.
  • Allocate. US Treasuries are paying attractive rates of 5% or more. If you carry a cash balance at your bank, transfer your money to US Treasuries to generate more income.
  • Start. If you’re in your twenties or thirties, start investing today. Let the long-term performance of the market help you achieve your financial goals. Today is the day you were worrying about yesterday.
  • Participate. If your company offers a 401(k) plan, SEP-IRA, or any retirement account, participate. Other corporate benefits may include an employee stock purchase plan, restricted stock, a cash balance plan, or non-qualified deferred compensation.
  • Budget. Do you know how and where you’re spending your money? A budget can identify issues and opportunities to create a successful spending plan.
  • Rent. Consider selling your home if it has substantial equity. You can redeploy your equity to meet your needs or reduce debt. As a renter, you don’t need to worry about property taxes, repairs, or other big-ticket expenses.
  • Plan. A financial plan can help you make informed and educated decisions with the above items. It will give you clarity and confidence to stay put or make changes.

Last, owning stocks is a must to maintain your lifestyle. Despite the volatility and corrections, stocks produce superior returns over time, generating an average annual return of 10% since 1926 and 12.3% over the past ten years. Stocks also outperform inflation, not so with bonds or cash.

Retirement is challenging, but you can eliminate many concerns with proper planning.

Casting all your anxieties on him, because he cares for you. ~ 1 Peter 5:7

August 8, 2023

Bill Parrott, CFP®, is the President and CEO of Parrott Wealth Management in Austin, Texas. Parrott Wealth Management is a fee-only, fiduciary, registered investment advisor firm. Our goal is to remove complexity, confusion, and worry from the investment and financial planning process so our clients can pursue a life of purpose. Our firm does not have an asset or fee minimum, and we work with anybody who needs financial help regardless of age, income, or asset level.

Note: Investments are not guaranteed and do involve risk. Your returns may differ from those posted in this blog; past performance does not guarantee future performance. PWM is not a tax advisor, nor do we give tax advice. Please consult your tax advisor for items that are specific to your situation. Options involve risk and aren’t suitable for every investor. Prices and yields are for today only and are subject to change without notice.


[1] https://finance.yahoo.com/news/retirement-expert-says-too-many-130009722.html, Laura Beck, August 8, 2023

[2] https://www.dailywire.com/news/millions-of-americans-give-up-hope-theyll-ever-be-able-to-retire-poll-finds, Joseph Curl, August 7, 2023

It’s Complicated

Complicated investment strategies attract attention because investors want to get rich quickly or impress their friends. Complexity is another word for job security on Wall Street. Options and hedge fund strategies are intricate and convoluted products requiring multiple disclosures and hours of explanation to innocent investors.

My two mentors wrote covered calls and sold options for their clients, so that’s what I did as well. Why not? They were successful. We sold options because option buyers lose all their money 90% to 95% of the time. When you sell option contracts, you take the other side of the trade from the buyer or speculator. If buyers lose money, then sellers make it. An option contract is complicated to understand because you must be correct on the security, direction, timing, price, and maturity all at once, and if you’re not, you’ll lose money. In addition, you must understand the Greeks: Delta, Gamma, Theta,  Vega, and Rho. Implied volatility is another vital component of option pricing. Regardless, investors will continue to buy options, especially in a bull market.

In 2008, Warren Buffett bet Protégé Partners that a simple S&P 500 index fund would outperform five separately managed hedge funds over ten years, and the winner would receive $1 million. How did it turn out? Protégé threw in the towel before the end of the contest date because the hedge funds were getting trounced. At the time, the index fund was up 85.4%, while the average return for the hedge funds was 22%.[1] Simple wins.

Several Nobel prize winners and Wall Street Legends founded Long Term Capital Management in 1994, and in 1998, they brought the global financial markets to their knees with their complex trading strategies. The firm relied on complicated bond arbitrage strategies, and when Russia defaulted on its debt in 1998, it destroyed the fund and required a $3.6 billion bailout from several banks.[2] Roger Lowenstein wrote an excellent book about this ordeal, When Genious Failed. In this case, the long-term time horizon was about four years. Long-term US Government bonds averaged 9.52% annually during this same period.[3] Safe and simple.

Complicated investment strategies look good on paper because they promise huge profits and outsized gains, but it’s probably too good to be true. Most investors would benefit from a simple strategy of owning low-cost index funds in a diversified portfolio rather than focusing on byzantine investment strategies.

Vanguard’s Balanced Index fund is simple and has performed well over time. The fund’s allocation is 60% stocks and 40% bonds and has returned more than 900% for the past three decades, or about 8% annually. A $100,000 investment is now worth $1 million – not too shabby.

To succeed as an investor, focus on simple solutions and avoid complex strategies.

Everything should be made as simple as possible, but not simpler. ~ Albert Einstein

August 3, 2023

Bill Parrott, CFP®, is the President and CEO of Parrott Wealth Management in Austin, Texas. Parrott Wealth Management is a fee-only, fiduciary, registered investment advisor firm. Our goal is to remove complexity, confusion, and worry from the investment and financial planning process so our clients can pursue a life of purpose. Our firm does not have an asset or fee minimum, and we work with anybody who needs financial help regardless of age, income, or asset level. PWM’s custodian is TD Ameritrade, and our annual fee starts at .5% of your assets and drops depending on your asset level.

Note: Investments are not guaranteed and do involve risk. Your returns may differ from those posted in this blog. PWM is not a tax advisor, nor do we give tax advice. Please consult your tax advisor for items that are specific to your situation. Options involve risk and aren’t suitable for every investor. Prices and yields are for today only and are subject to change without notice.


[1] https://www.investopedia.com/articles/investing/030916/buffetts-bet-hedge-funds-year-eight-brka-brkb.asp, David Floyd, June 25, 2019.

[2] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Long-Term_Capital_Management

[3] Source: Dimensional Fund Advisors Returns Web, 1/1/1994 to 12/31/1998.